Rabu, 31 Desember 2014

** Fee Download Animal Behavior, by John Paul Scott

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Animal Behavior, by John Paul Scott

Many recently-discovered and little-known facts appear in this revised edition of John Paul Scott's multidisciplinary introduction to the science of animal behavior. The revision of this popular work has been augmented by new discoveries and updated theories arising out of the past fourteen years of exciting growth in this increasingly important science. Professor Scott's book is lively and consistently entertaining; general principles are illustrated with fascinating glimpses of animal life. At the same time it is the most comprehensive introductory text in its field, thoroughly explaining the methodology of the study of animal behavior as well as its historical development as a science.

  • Sales Rank: #4544290 in Books
  • Published on: 1972-11-30
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 349 pages

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Minggu, 28 Desember 2014

## Ebook Download A Social History of Truth: Civility and Science in Seventeenth-Century England (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series), by Steven

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A Social History of Truth: Civility and Science in Seventeenth-Century England (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series), by Steven

How do we come to trust our knowledge of the world? What are the means by which we distinguish true from false accounts? Why do we credit one observational statement over another?

In A Social History of Truth, Shapin engages these universal questions through an elegant recreation of a crucial period in the history of early modern science: the social world of gentlemen-philosophers in seventeenth-century England. Steven Shapin paints a vivid picture of the relations between gentlemanly culture and scientific practice. He argues that problems of credibility in science were practically solved through the codes and conventions of genteel conduct: trust, civility, honor, and integrity. These codes formed, and arguably still form, an important basis for securing reliable knowledge about the natural world.

Shapin uses detailed historical narrative to argue about the establishment of factual knowledge both in science and in everyday practice. Accounts of the mores and manners of gentlemen-philosophers are used to illustrate Shapin's broad claim that trust is imperative for constituting every kind of knowledge. Knowledge-making is always a collective enterprise: people have to know whom to trust in order to know something about the natural world.

  • Sales Rank: #1065815 in Books
  • Published on: 1995-11-15
  • Released on: 1995-11-15
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.30" w x 6.00" l, 1.49 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 512 pages

From Library Journal
Shapin argues that the validity and trust we place in today's scientific endeavors evolved to a large extent out of the gentlemen's codes of civility in 17th-century England. Science was a gentleman's pastime, and when an idea was disputed gentlemen appropriated the civil codes of their time to solve the dispute. Shapin, best known for Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle and the Experimental Life (Princeton Univ. Pr., 1985), opens this book with a very complete and sometimes difficult-to-read introduction to the questions of what civility, truth, trust, and moral order are. The rest can be read separately as a history of gentlemanly conduct and gentlemanly science as a means of finding truth. Shapin also discusses Robert Boyle as an example of a gentleman scientist. Offering a new way to look at early modern science, Shapin presents an intellectual history of a formative period of English science to illustrate a source of the collective trust we place in scientific truth. Recommended for history and philosophy collections.
Eric D. Albright, Galter Health Sciences Lib., Northwestern Univ., Chicago
Copyright 1994 Reed Business Information, Inc.

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23 of 25 people found the following review helpful.
Science and Civility
By S. E. K
In this study, largely influenced by sociological theory, Steven Shapin explores the origins and practices of the seventeenth-century English experimental philosophy. He contends that this is "a story about the gentlemanly constitution of scientific truth . . . preexisting gentlemanly practices provided working solutions to problems of credibility and trust which presented themselves at the core of the new empirical science of seventeenth-century England" (p. xxi). Making use of gentlemanly advice books and courtesy texts while closely following the scientific career and philosophical publications of Robert Boyle, a founding member of the Royal Society of London, Shapin shows that Boyle was a central figure in the creation of a Christian gentlemanly discourse of natural philosophy.

As is widely accepted, the distinguishing feature of seventeenth-century English science was the reevaluation and erosion of ancient knowledge-claims and testimony in favor of observational and experimental empirical science. According to Shapin, "this rejection of authority and testimony in favor of individual sense-experience is just what stands behind our recognition of seventeenth-century practitioners as `moderns,' as `like us,' and, indeed, as producers of the thing we can warrant as `science'" (p. 201). However, Shapin perceptively challenges the notion that all forms of testimony were eliminated from the realm of empirical science - natural philosophy required a reliance on the findings of others when experiments produced could not be replicated, while one's own experiences could never achieve credulity within a scientific community without testimony. Therefore, these `moderns' instead constructed a flexible methodology of testimony evaluation and presentation in order to establish the relative credibility of one's scientific argument. These mechanisms included the moral evaluation of both one's scientific findings and character as a credible source of knowledge, and were constructed from preexisting gentlemanly codes, conventions, and values.

In chapters 2 and 3, Shapin explores popular conceptions in early modern England which established gentleman as trustworthy truth-tellers. In order to establish a collective body of knowledge, trust is essential. By accepting another's notions of truth we allow them to "colonize our minds," trusting in their objectivity and moral responsibility. According to Shapin, trusting another's knowledge is a moral act. Popular trust in another's truth is determined by their objectivity, or freedom of action. To be of "free action" is to be without social constraint that inhibits objectivity of judgement, while also possessing an established public credibility or honor. In early modern England, those that possessed these qualities were gentlemen - without any constraints that could prevent them from acting out of free will.

Although there existed conflicting and overlapping opinions about who constituted gentility beginning in the mid-sixteenth century, the basic material reality of gentle life required ancestral wealth that allowed independence from labor and private interests in the production of goods or services. Similarly, traditional honor culture and Christian values emphasized the virtue of gentlemanly conduct, requiring a self-disciplined decorum and consistent display of sincerity, integrity, and credibility. Gentlemanly virtue was manifested in the rules of decorum governing discursive practice and civil conversation. As Shapin contends, "a gentleman's word was his bond." (p. 65). Truth-telling was intimately linked to gentlemanly honor, to challenge one's word was to accuse him of lying, thereby disputing the credibility of his gentile reputation and disrupting civil order and "civil conversation." Therefore, gentlemanly discourse established mechanisms which allowed one to account for the possibility of false statements without damaging credibility by requiring that all claims allowed for some a certain level of imprecision. Civil conversation depended upon a degree of moral uncertainty - precision threatened to disrupt gentlemanly social order. This discursive practice was appropriated by gentlemanly natural philosophers, most specifically Robert Boyle, as an answer to the paradox posed by establishing the veracity of philosophical testimony.
In Chapters 4, 5, and 6, Shapin traces the ways that gentlemanly trust was deployed in scientific discourse. While institutional scholars were viewed as having private interest in their intellectual pursuits, such as the achievement of fame, natural philosophers promoted an air of disinterestedness to secure objectivity of observation and integrity of testimony. Similarly, scholars were considered to be overly-confident, quarrelsome, and dogmatic while natural scientists were open to the modification of claims in order to foster "civil conversation." In his discussion of the seven maxims by which testimony was evaluated, Shapin shows how gentlemanly decorum was utilized by natural philosophers and the Royal Society of London to ascertain the relative truth of claims (p. 212). Also, he gives numerous examples of the ways that one might dispute findings without calling the credibility or ability of an individual to accurately report true observations into question.

Shapin's book is a nice edition to the body of literature which expounds upon scientific thought as a cultural creation. However, I wonder if contemporaries would have really veiwed Boyle as a gentleman. He seems to be more of a scholarly recluse that even chose not to marry, (thereby rejecting a patriarchal ideal)?

19 of 20 people found the following review helpful.
A good argument about the importance of trust in science
By Brian Slesinsky
Many popular books about science (especially about evolution) set scientists up as skeptics who argue for knowledge based on experience and facts, rather than authority. If you think science is about being skeptical, you might find this book interesting because it argues for the importance of trust and belief in authority in all scientific work. I found the history interesting as well, including descriptions of several of Boyle's eperiments, a debate about the path of a comet, and a 17th century nondisclosure agreement. The main downside for the layman is that book can be slow going and is not an easy read. There's a lot of generalizing about what 17th century gentleman and scientists were like that I think would have been more entertainingly done through narrative and anecdote rather than bland quotations. Still, all in all this is an informative book about the philosophy of science.

2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Broad topic thoroughly covered
By W. McConnell
A Social History of Truth covers a lot of territory and the author, Steven Shapin, leaves no stone unturned. I appreciate the elevated writing style, the book's straight forward composition, and the thorough manner in which each aspect of the topic is covered. From its simple definition of truth to the complex interlacing of truth, honesty, and honor and their impact on the development of the scientific method, Professor Shapin's book provides a reader with a fulfilling understanding of the consequences of truth in societal development. One cannot put this book down without concluding that respect for truth and honesty is the cornerstone to science, society and human destiny. So long as truth is respected humanity moves forward; when it is neglected expect scientific stagnation and societal decline. The author explains it a lot better than I just did. You need to read the book.

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Kamis, 25 Desember 2014

## Ebook Economic Policy Beyond the Headlines, by George P. Shultz, Kenneth W. Dam

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Economic Policy Beyond the Headlines, by George P. Shultz, Kenneth W. Dam

Drawing from their experience as government insiders, George P. Shultz and Kenneth W. Dam show how economic policy is shaped at the highest levels of government. They reveal the interconnections between economic, social, and international policy, covering issues such as the advocacy system and the role of the individual in shaping policy. A new chapter, 'A Changed World,' explores the various influences of our increasingly global economy on economic strategy. With rare candor, authority and breadth of vision, Shultz and Dam have produced a brilliant introduction to economic policy, its principles, and practice.

"A model of brevity and lucidity . . . [Economic Policy Beyond the Headlines] incorporates a unique and rewarding blend of economic reasoning with a high level of political awareness . . . enriched by the wide personal experience in government of the authors."—Albert T. Sommers, Across the Board

"[Shultz and Dam] help foreign readers to understand why the world looks so different from Washington. . . . This book should provide the model."—The Economist

"A wise and valuable book showing great insight into the realities of economic policy making."—Henry A. Kissinger

  • Sales Rank: #316242 in Books
  • Published on: 1998-06-20
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 8.50" h x .80" w x 5.50" l, .68 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 249 pages

From the Back Cover
Drawing on their experience as government insiders, George P. Shultz and Kenneth W. Dam explain how economic policy is shaped at the highest levels of government. They reveal the connections between economic, social, and international policy. A new chapter, "A Changed World", explores how our increasingly global economy influences economic strategy. With candor, authority, and breadth of vision, Shultz and Dam have produced a brilliant introduction to economic policy, its principles, and its practice.

Most helpful customer reviews

6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Out of Date. Not usfeul for FSOT
By wilburforce
If you were recommended this book for the FSOT, take heed. It was published in 1977, and has one 16-page chapter at the end which was added in 1998. So the first ten chapters are based on economics before Reagan, whose free market approach based in part on Milton Friedman's work changed the way government set economic policy. Undoubtedly there have been other major changes to US economic policy since then, but you won't find them out from this book in any detail.

Unless what is needed is a HISTORY of economic policy, this book is not very useful.

14 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
Terrific when first published, now out of date
By Jerry H. Tempelman
George P. Shultz is one of the most distinguished government officials in U.S. history, but this book was a bit of a disappointment. It was first published during the 1970s, and much of its material deals with that era. The contents of the 1998 second edition do not appear to have been updated. E.g., the chapter on tax policy does not mention the tax reforms implemented during the 1980s, or the 1990 and 1993 tax increases (ch. 3). The chapter on income security does not include the 1983 Social Security amendments or the welfare reform of the 1990s (ch. 5). There is no mention of NAFTA in the chapter on international trade (ch. 7), and no mention of the National Economic Council in the chapter on the apparatus of economic policy making (ch. 8).

Substantively, there is not much with which to quibble. The federal budget process is too cumbersome for fiscal stabilization policy to be effective (ch. 2). Simplification of the tax code is economically desirable but politically unlikely (ch. 3). Price controls are ineffective as a means of controlling inflation (ch. 4). The "crazy quilt" (p. 88) of existing income security programs would benefit from being replaced by a negative income tax as proposed by Milton Friedman (ch. 5). During the 1970s, the world switched from a fixed to a floating exchange-rate system (ch. 6). Free trade leads to higher standards of living than does protectionism (ch. 7). Organization affects policy decisions, but continual reorganization does not substitute for them (ch. 8). Government intervention, e.g. with energy policy, thwarts the self-correcting mechanisms of free markets (ch. 9). Government's most effective economic policy is to provide a stable framework within which markets can operate (ch. 10).

The authors' main focus is the Keynesian trade-off between inflation and unemployment. Clearly, economic theory and policy have both progressed since the book was first published. New edition or not, its material has simply become out of date. The only apparent addition to the 1998 version of the book is one new chapter, which would have worked better if the authors had published that separately elsewhere.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent treatment of problems
By M. Champ
An excellent discussion of how economic theory meets politics. Explains why we have the problems we do, and what some of the root causes may be. Also has some good insight for how the federal government functions in general.

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Selasa, 23 Desember 2014

** PDF Ebook Human Rights In Camera, by Sharon Sliwinski

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Human Rights In Camera, by Sharon Sliwinski

From the fundamental rights proclaimed in the American and French declarations of independence to the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Hannah Arendt’s furious critiques, the definition of what it means to be human has been hotly debated. But the history of human rights—and their abuses—is also a richly illustrated one. Following this picture trail, Human Rights In Camera takes an innovative approach by examining the visual images that have accompanied human rights struggles and the passionate responses people have had to them.

Sharon Sliwinski considers a series of historical events, including the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and the Holocaust, to illustrate that universal human rights have come to be imagined through aesthetic experience. The circulation of images of distant events, she argues, forms a virtual community between spectators and generates a sense of shared humanity. Joining a growing body of scholarship about the cultural forces at work in the construction of human rights, Human Rights In Camera is a novel take on this potent political ideal.

  • Sales Rank: #1202588 in Books
  • Published on: 2011-10-15
  • Released on: 2011-10-03
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .70" w x 6.00" l, .60 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 192 pages

Review
“Written with an admirable combination of intellectual sophistication and simplicity of expression, Human Rights In Camera successfully bridges the fields of visual culture and political theory while crafting an original approach to a topic of not only scholarly interest but broad public importance. It is an at once wide-ranging and fine-grained analysis of the complexly interrelated roles of pictures and aesthetic judgment in the conceptualization, development, application, and failures of human rights. Arresting and illuminating, this book definitely breaks new ground.”

(Mark Reinhardt, Williams College)

“Sliwinski’s book marks a decisive break with the commonplace and received ideas about the history—and theory—of human rights and images. She pursues the way ‘human rights have come to be imagined and idealized on the wings of aesthetic experience,’ and she pushes this insight to the limit in a series of remarkable and even dramatic readings of visual images. She does nothing less than rewrite the history of human rights as a matter of looking: ‘when we speak of human rights we must first of all speak of the spectator of human rights,’ she says, and goes on to make this major shift so obvious and convincing that we are left wondering why it took so long for us to notice. This book joins groundbreaking work by the likes of Ariella Azoulay and Jacques Rancière in a new, and crucial, spectatorial turn in the study of human rights. It will surely be provocative, controversial, unnerving, and widely read.”

(Thomas Keenan, Bard College)

“Presents a refreshing angle and a rich historical account, one that departs from the standard ‘Enlightenment origins’ tale of the evolution of human rights.”

(Times Higher Education)

“Beautifully written. . . . The main complaint of anyone reading this book will be that they wanted more—not a bad thing.” (Choice)

“Sliwinski’s argument about an ethics of failure offers a powerful corrective to critics of advocacy photography, an inspiring contribution in a moment of great visibility for intractable human rights crises around the world.” (caa.reviews)

About the Author
Sharon Sliwinski is assistant professor in the Faculty of Information and Media Studies and the Centre for the Study of Theory and Criticism at the University of Western Ontario.

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Senin, 22 Desember 2014

^^ PDF Ebook Streets, Railroads, and the Great Strike of 1877 (Historical Studies of Urban America), by David O. Stowell

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Streets, Railroads, and the Great Strike of 1877 (Historical Studies of Urban America), by David O. Stowell

For one week in late July of 1877, America shook with anger and fear as a variety of urban residents, mostly working class, attacked railroad property in dozens of towns and cities. The Great Strike of 1877 was one of the largest and most violent urban uprisings in American history.

Whereas most historians treat the event solely as a massive labor strike that targeted the railroads, David O. Stowell examines America's predicament more broadly to uncover the roots of this rebellion. He studies the urban origins of the Strike in three upstate New York cities—Buffalo, Albany, and Syracuse. He finds that locomotives rumbled through crowded urban spaces, sending panicked horses and their wagons careening through streets. Hundreds of people were killed and injured with appalling regularity. The trains also disrupted street traffic and obstructed certain forms of commerce. For these reasons, Stowell argues, The Great Strike was not simply an uprising fueled by disgruntled workers. Rather, it was a grave reflection of one of the most direct and damaging ways many people experienced the Industrial Revolution.

"Through meticulously crafted case studies . . . the author advances the thesis that the strike had urban roots, that in substantial part it represented a community uprising. . . .A particular strength of the book is Stowell's description of the horrendous accidents, the toll in human life, and the continual disruption of craft, business, and ordinary movement engendered by building railroads into the heart of cities."—Charles N. Glaab, American Historical Review

  • Sales Rank: #1071932 in Books
  • Published on: 1999-06-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .70" w x 6.00" l, .59 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 189 pages

From the Publisher
For one week in late July of 1877, America shook with anger and fear as a variety of urban residents, mostly working class, attacked railroad property in dozens of towns a nd cities. The Great Strike of 1877 was one of the largest and most violent urban uprisin gs in American history.

Whereas most historians treat the event solely as a massive lab or strike that targeted the railroads, David O. Stowell examines America's predicament m ore broadly to uncover the roots of this rebellion. He finds that locomotives rumbled thr ough crowded urban spaces, sending panicked horses and their wagons careening through str eets. Hundreds of people were killed and injured with appalling regularity. The trains al so disrupted street traffic and obstructed certain forms of commerce. For these reasons, Stowell argues, The Great Strike was not simply an uprising fueled by disgruntled workers. Rather, it was a grave reflection of one of the most direct and damaging ways many peo ple experienced the Industrial Revolution.

For other books in the Historical Studies of Urban America series, see Madelon Powers' "Faces along the Bar", John McGreevy's "Parish Boundaries", Gail Radford's "Modern Housing for America" and Karen Sawislak's "Smoldering City" among others.

Most helpful customer reviews

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
great book
By Caroline Pires
This is an excellent book. Stowell provides clear and abundant evidence to forward his argument that the Great Strike was more just an uprising of discontented railroad workers. As a high school student, I found this book to be an invaluable resource in writing my American History term research paper. It is packed with useful information, but is also stylistically well done, so as to hold the reader's interest. By exploring the human passions at the core of the issue, Stowell provides a fresh perspective on a topic which may otherwise seem (I thought) rather dull.

9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
a Five Star Book--Outstanding
By Matthew H. Crocker
Dr. David Stowell has written a page-turner while also managing to break fresh, new ground in the field of labor history. This exciting and insightful monograph should serve as an example to historians of all stripes on just how history should be written. Stowell's narrative and analysis mesh seamlessly as he masterfully recreates the tensions, forces, and personalities that ultimately clashed in the Great Strike of 1877. This is a must for any one interested in the late-19th century and labor. A wonderful display for labor history at its finest.

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
A great read!
By A Customer
This is a wonderful book for the lay person and professional historian alike. It puts a new spin on understanding the Great Strike and brings the streets of 1877 back to life. I have given this book as a gift to friends as well as enjoyed it in college classes. I am already looking forward to the author's next book.

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Sabtu, 20 Desember 2014

## Free PDF Sex and Death: An Introduction to Philosophy of Biology (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series), by Kim Sterelny, Paul E. Griffith

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Sex and Death: An Introduction to Philosophy of Biology (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series), by Kim Sterelny, Paul E. Griffith

Is the history of life a series of accidents or a drama scripted by selfish genes? Is there an "essential" human nature, determined at birth or in a distant evolutionary past? What should we conserve—species, ecosystems, or something else?

Informed answers to questions like these, critical to our understanding of ourselves and the world around us, require both a knowledge of biology and a philosophical framework within which to make sense of its findings. In this accessible introduction to philosophy of biology, Kim Sterelny and Paul E. Griffiths present both the science and the philosophical context necessary for a critical understanding of the most exciting debates shaping biology today. The authors, both of whom have published extensively in this field, describe the range of competing views—including their own—on these fascinating topics.

With its clear explanations of both biological and philosophical concepts, Sex and Death will appeal not only to undergraduates, but also to the many general readers eager to think critically about the science of life.

  • Sales Rank: #487139 in Books
  • Published on: 1999-06-15
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.20" w x 6.00" l, 1.31 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 456 pages

About the Author
Kim Sterelny is Professor of Philosophy at Australian National University and Victoria University of Wellington. His books include "Language and Reality "(with Michael Devitt; second edition, MIT Press).

Paul E. Griffiths is Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh.

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7 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
A great book for any level - if you're game
By Andrew Veale
This is a brilliant book in that it is written simply but covers the important aspects of the philosophy of evolutionary biology. This book could be the foundation of a philosophy of biology course at university level, but still would appeal to the layman interested in the thought behind biology. It is more technical than many popular biology books, but that is because it is so loaded with content. It is definately worth buying and persevering with. To frame this assessment, I have studied to postgraduate levels in both philosophy and evolutionary biology and enjoyed the book thoroughly. Friends of mine who are not specialised in this area but have some knowledge of biology also found this book enlightening.

As a comparison Elliot Sobers' the Philosophy of Biology goes over a lot of similar territory and is also well written - I would also highly recommend it. Of these two books which are both excellent, Sex and Death has a more conversational relaxed style and would probably have a more general appeal.

The other good book in this area which I have read is Alex Rosenburg and Daniel McShae's Philosophy of biology and this has a more technical intonation than the other two books mentioned and is definately geared towards philosophy students rather than the public.

Sex and Death is as close as you can come to a simple book popularizing the philosophy of biology.

35 of 36 people found the following review helpful.
difficult at times, but interesting and rewarding
By ChefBum
'Sex and Death' is a pretty ambitious book, being almost a survey of the specific, hot topics in modern philosophy of biology. Tackling such issues as the nitty-gritty, purely philosophical issues of gene selection vs. selection of the organism, the definition and nature of the concept of 'species', and "Life on Earth: the Big Picture", the authors have done a nice job of using a breathtaking array of references, from Dawkins to Gould, Lewontin to Mayr, Alexander to E.O. Wilson, etc.
Unfortunately, keeping all of this succinct makes for a somewhat dry presentation. I agree with the previous reviewer in that often the authors' presentation of concepts are difficult to grasp for those not already familiar with the topics; when more concrete examples are made, the point is much easier to take. Still, this is a minor complaint given the scope and rigor of the analysis presented.
If you're into the accessibility of a Stephen Jay Gould or Richard Dawkins, this book will be a challenge to read. In fact, it reminds me much more of Elliot Sober, one of the more famous Philosophers of Biology cited in this book. As 'an Introduction to Philosophy of Biology', 'Sex and Death' is more accessible than the work of Sober, and it is a well-organized and presented survey of the philosophy of biology, assuming that the reader has already had a fairly ample exposure to the subject. For the uninitiated, it would be better to bone up on Darwin, Gould, Dawkins, Lewontin, Mayr, and Wilson before trying to tackle this book; *frequent* references to these authors are made,and a close familiarity with their ideas is presupposed.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Four Stars
By rachel hudson
A lot of great information and ideas. Would definitely recommend.

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Jumat, 19 Desember 2014

## Fee Download Ancient Perspectives: Maps and Their Place in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome (The Kenneth Nebenzahl Jr. Lectures in the History of Ca

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Ancient Perspectives: Maps and Their Place in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome (The Kenneth Nebenzahl Jr. Lectures in the History of Ca

Ancient Perspectives encompasses a vast arc of space and time—Western Asia to North Africa and Europe from the third millennium BCE to the fifth century CE—to explore mapmaking and worldviews in the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. In each society, maps served as critical economic, political, and personal tools, but there was little consistency in how and why they were made. Much like today, maps in antiquity meant very different things to different people.

Ancient Perspectives presents an ambitious, fresh overview of cartography and its uses. The seven chapters range from broad-based analyses of mapping in Mesopotamia and Egypt to a close focus on Ptolemy’s ideas for drawing a world map based on the theories of his Greek predecessors at Alexandria. The remarkable accuracy of Mesopotamian city-plans is revealed, as is the creation of maps by Romans to support the proud claim that their emperor’s rule was global in its reach. By probing the instruments and techniques of both Greek and Roman surveyors, one chapter seeks to uncover how their extraordinary planning of roads, aqueducts, and tunnels was achieved. Even though none of these civilizations devised the means to measure time or distance with precision, they still conceptualized their surroundings, natural and man-made, near and far, and felt the urge to record them by inventive means that this absorbing volume reinterprets and compares.

  • Sales Rank: #1815212 in Books
  • Published on: 2012-11-14
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 10.00" h x 1.00" w x 7.00" l, 1.55 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 280 pages

Review
“This richly illustrated volume provides a sweeping yet engaging overview of cartography produced in the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome, with examples spanning from the third millennium BCE to the fifth century CE. . . . The book will find a wide, interdisciplinary audience. Highly recommended. For specialists and nonspecialists alike.” (K. M. Morin, Bucknell University Choice)

“I recommend Ancient Perspectives highly.” (Judith A. Tyner, California State University, Long Beach Geographical Reviews)

“Edited and introduced masterfully by Richard J. A. Talbert, [Ancient Perspectives] contains must-read essays for all those interested in the history of these earliest forms of cartography. . . . A truly wonderful read, and with its updated research and bibliography, [it] certainly represents one of most important additions to the scholarship on ancient cartography published in recent years. I could not recommend it more.” (John Hessler, Library of Congress Portolan)

“To read these essays is to see how far the study of ancient maps has come in the past three decades or so. The essays are both authoritative and accessible and will be the new starting point for any consideration of ancient map-mindedness. Anyone interested in ancient Mediterranean civilizations or in the history of geography will be in the authors’ debt.” (Grant Parker, Stanford University)

“Ancient Perspectives does not simply revise the last comprehensive, but largely traditional, study of early European and west Asian cartography in the light of the latest research, discoveries, and debates; for the first time, it puts what survives of early Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek, and Roman maps and related artifacts into their very different wider cultural contexts and reveals the diverse roles played by the maps in their very different societies. These roles often run counter to traditional assumptions and yet, in some respects, seem strangely familiar. Not the least achievements of the book are that they succeed in weaving the notoriously fragmentary surviving evidence into such a sophisticated, nuanced, persuasive, thorough, and convincing whole and that the book does so in language that is crystal clear and free of jargon. It represents scholarly communication at its very best.”
(Peter Barber, British Library)

“Maps and their place in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome have been studied for centuries, but the time is ripe for a new survey of up-to-date research on this fascinating subject. In this volume, internationally leading experts provide such a guide in seven chapters ranging from the Ancient Near East to the later Roman empire. By studying ancient perspectives the book opens up new vistas for fresh research on the history of cartography, making it a perfect addition to the Nebenzahl Lectures.” (Kai Brodersen, President, University of Erfurt, Germany)

“Nowhere has been mustered into one place so much new and critically examined, or reexamined, evidence from the beginnings of the historical record—from Mesopotamian clay tablets to late Roman monuments and texts—to dispel, once and for all, any lingering anachronistic myths about the enduring nature and scope of the human mapping impulse. Here is illuminated, sometimes brilliantly, always readably and in scholarly fashion, a range of contexts, subjects, perspectives, styles, orientations, functions, structures, and presentations of maps, whether concerning geographies of the ground or geographies for thought, that applies equally to all later history.” (Catherine Delano-Smith, Institute of Historical Research, London)

About the Author
Richard J. A. Talbert is the William Rand Kenan, Jr., Professor of History and Classics and founder of the Ancient World Mapping Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is the author or editor of numerous books, including the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World and Rome’s World: The Peutinger Map Reconsidered.

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0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A most welcomed discussion of ancient cartography
By Jim Siebold
Excellent discussion by Talbert and the essays by his contributors of this often neglected part of the history of cartography. The figures were well selected and clearly presented.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Good source of information.
By T. J. DAVIS
Though some arguments are a stretch, the work does a good job of adjusting our thinking on what defines 'map' and on how maps evolved from earliest records.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
spectacular
By U.S. Citizen
i haven't ever read such a great history of cartography, this is a great source for all the early history of earths geography.

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Ancient Perspectives: Maps and Their Place in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome (The Kenneth Nebenzahl Jr. Lectures in the History of Ca PDF
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Senin, 15 Desember 2014

> PDF Ebook The Best Men: Liberal Reformers in the Gilded Age, by John Sproat

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"The mugwumps have won praise from historians who accepted their strictures against late nineteenth-century society. This book challenges both that indictment of society and mugwump beliefs. Scholars can no longer laud 'independents' for opposing alleged corruption without recognizing that they hated coalition party government in a pluralistic society and that they were elitists who bitterly opposed the democratizing tendencies of their time.... Sproat writes with pungent clarity, and his work is well organized around original research; it is an outstanding book and a welcome addition to the current re-examination of the Gilded Age." - H. Wayne Morgan, American Historical Review

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  • Sales Rank: #3540124 in Books
  • Published on: 1982-12
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 368 pages

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Minggu, 14 Desember 2014

~~ Download Ebook Bodies in the Bog and the Archaeological Imagination, by Karin Sanders

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Bodies in the Bog and the Archaeological Imagination, by Karin Sanders

Over the past few centuries, northern Europe’s bogs have yielded mummified men, women, and children who were deposited there as sacrifices in the early Iron Age and kept startlingly intact by the chemical properties of peat. In this remarkable account of their modern afterlives, Karin Sanders argues that the discovery of bog bodies began an extraordinary—and ongoing—cultural journey.            Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Sanders shows, these eerily preserved remains came alive in art and science as material metaphors for such concepts as trauma, nostalgia, and identity. Sigmund Freud, Joseph Beuys, Seamus Heaney, and other major figures have used them to reconsider fundamental philosophical, literary, aesthetic, and scientific concerns. Exploring this intellectual spectrum, Sanders contends that the power of bog bodies to provoke such a wide range of responses is rooted in their unique status as both archeological artifacts and human beings. They emerge as corporeal time capsules that transcend archaeology to challenge our assumptions about what we can know about the past. By restoring them to the roster of cultural phenomena that force us to confront our ethical and aesthetic boundaries, Bodies in the Bog excavates anew the question of what it means to be human.

  • Sales Rank: #1560630 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: University Of Chicago Press
  • Published on: 2012-07-03
  • Released on: 2009-12-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .80" w x 6.00" l, 1.00 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 344 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review
“A rare conjunction of brilliant research with lyrical feeling. At once gripping, enlightening, and deeply moving, this stunning book offers a mind-boggling trek across space and time, life and death, torment and ecstasy. By turns ventriloquist and taxidermist, Karin Sanders resurrects bog beings from the limbo of their burial. They are reborn through the curious eyes and creative hands of poets and painters, sculptors and scholars, as both saints and ghosts—like saints miraculously indestructible, like ghosts haunting us with eerie memories. And her fabulous bog bodies at length mirror ourselves. They are our own doppelgängers, doubles displaced from time immemorial.”

(David Lowenthal, University College London)

“What a wonderful, wonderful book this is. I absolutely loved Bodies in the Bog and everything about it, from the thoughtful approach and beautiful writing to the well-contextualized discussions of bog bodies in psychology, poetry, art, museum display, and facial reconstruction. A truly interdisciplinary study clearly based on years of passionate research, it offers a rich and nuanced explanation of what makes these bodies so fascinating, appealing, and troubling.”

(Stephanie Moser, University of Southampton)

“For me, archaeology has its muses; in Karin Sanders’s hands, these muses are very much with us, for she understands archaeology in relation to the literature, the poetry, the historical trajectories of each and every find. In her study of bog people, Sanders has brought together many voices that are not usually in conversation, presenting a dramatically new set of interlocking perspectives—a new kaleidoscopic pattern. This book is a delight to read, a skillful and ingenious accomplishment, a dexterous weaving of new ideas about a much-debated phenomenon that has long sparked our imaginations.  What Sanders has done here makes me rejoice in what a creative mind can do, and in how readers will inevitably come away with all sorts of new understandings. Brava!”

(Margaret Conkey, University of California, Berkeley)

"I found this book a joy to read because, unlike most archaeological studies, it combines scholarship with superb literary style, the whole salted by the provision of numerous imaginative pathways. I, for one, will never study or write about bog bodies in the same way again and I will try to ensure that the same is true of my students. Despite the few caveats mentioned above, it is a work of true originality that lifts bog victims out of their purely archaeological dimension and travels with them on a journey towards enlightenment. Early on in the study, the author speaks of bog bodies being embalmed with words. That is nowhere more true than in this book."

(Miranda Aldhouse-Green Australian Archaeological Association)

"[Sanders] deftly teases out the paradoxes: born of neither land nor water but something in between: the bodies are the uncanny link between the pagan belief that prompted their death and our own prejudices. . . . Equally entertaining is Sanders' commentary on Freud and Jung, describing how the famous schism between the two psychologists was prompted by their disagreement over the meaning of the bog bodies."—Philip Hoare, Sunday Telegraph  (Sunday Telegraph)

"Sanders has uncovered a fascinated range of examples of literature and art which has responded to the peaty mummies. . . . Sanders's  reading, research and reflection has resulted in a rich and suggestive study."—Jennifer Wallace, Times Literary Supplement (Times Literary Supplement)

About the Author

Karin Sanders is professor of Scandinavian studies at the University of California, Berkeley.

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13 of 15 people found the following review helpful.
Bog bodies unmasked
By Harriet Nethery
This is such a good book. I cannot recommend it highly enough. Karin Sanders examines those mysterious archaeological artifacts known as "bog bodies," corpses found long-buried in the peat fields of Ireland, Britain, and northern Europe. Unlike mummies, bog bodies retain soft tissue while their bones deteriorate, turning them into "sacks of flesh." Because of the soft tissue, they appear quite life-life, even though they may be 1000 years old or more: their faces are largely intact, and may even possess stubble from a day-old beard, and they are often fully clothed. Sanders explains who these mysterious people were, how they died, and how they have come to occupy an important place in the imaginations of historians, poets, artists, philosophers, and ordinary people. A gifted writer, Sanders has penned a book that is at once highly informed and is a work of genuine literary merit.

1 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
YAWN. YAWN. YAWN.
By Richard K. Edwards
So many references to Danish literature. So many references to obscure authors I'd never heard of. This book reads like a Ph.D. dissertation that probably bored the review committee into submission. If you're just starting out on reading about bog bodies, you should avoid this book becsue it will kill any interest you have in the subject.

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